If I have a small data set (30 samples) am I more likely to obtain a statistically significant result? From my understanding if there are any relationships within the data set then they will be over represented in the data set? Is this true?
Thanks
Best Answer
You are asking a question about how likely something is. Questions about probabilities ALWAYS depend on a set of assumptions. Without giving way more context and specifying the assumptions you are making, your question cannot be answered.
If you assume there is no trend in the population (the actual trend line is horizontal), then sample size doesn't matter. There is a 5% chance of obtaining a P value less than 0.05. But if you assume there is an actual trend in the population, you are more likely to get a P value less than 0.05 with a larger sample than with a small one.
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